improvement n. 1.改良,改進(jìn),增進(jìn);進(jìn)步。 2.利用,活用。 3.〔美國(guó)〕(增高房屋、土地等價(jià)值的)裝修,改良措施。 4.更優(yōu)秀的人,更進(jìn)步的人。 improvement of soil 【農(nóng)業(yè)】土壤改良。 This letter is an improvement upon [on] your last. 這封信比你上次的好。
behavior n. 1.行為,品行;舉止,態(tài)度,舉動(dòng),表現(xiàn),行動(dòng)。 2.(生物的)習(xí)性;(機(jī)器等的)特性,性能,狀態(tài);(藥品等的)作用,功效。 gallant behavior 英雄行為。 a bad behavior at meals 吃飯的難看相。 aerodynamic behavior 空氣動(dòng)力特性。 on [upon] one's good [best] behavior 1. 善自檢點(diǎn),謹(jǐn)慎,規(guī)矩。 2. 在見習(xí)中,在試用期間 (The child was on his good behavior. 這孩子很規(guī)矩)。 put sb. on his best behavior. 勸告[警告]某人檢點(diǎn)一些。 adj. -al 關(guān)于行為的 (behavioral science 行為科學(xué)〔如社會(huì)學(xué)、人類學(xué)等〕)。 n. -ism 【心理學(xué)】行為主義。 n. -ist 【心理學(xué)】行為主義心理學(xué)家。
Upon backgrounds of the research, academic points and so on, chinese and foreign academic circles have much in differences at the same time . starting with the basic hypothesis like " " spirit " and " " motivation ", this thesis brings out a new concept of spiritual motivation and holds the-view that corresponded with the material motivation; spiritual motivation is the basic means of mental reconstruction and behavior improvement . it's a conduct mechanism of the transformation " from knowledge to practice ", a direct way of transforming the morale value and releasing the energy of spirit 學(xué)界關(guān)于精神激勵(lì)的學(xué)術(shù)成果較少,且散見于不同的學(xué)科領(lǐng)域,在研究背景、學(xué)術(shù)觀點(diǎn)等方面中西方又有分野,本文從“精神”和“激勵(lì)”等基本命題著手,提出精神激勵(lì)新概念,認(rèn)為精神激勵(lì)是與物質(zhì)激勵(lì)相對(duì)應(yīng)的精神構(gòu)建和行為驅(qū)動(dòng)的基本方式,是“知?行”轉(zhuǎn)化的誘發(fā)機(jī)制,也是精神價(jià)值轉(zhuǎn)換和能量釋放的直接途徑,它揭示精神與行為的相關(guān)性,表征精神因素對(duì)個(gè)體行為選擇的干預(yù)和影響。